目录: Contents Preface page vii Acknowledgements ix 1The Earth as a planet 1 1.1 The solar system 1 1.2 The dynamic Earth 15 1.3 Suggestions for further reading 40 1.4 Review questions 41 1.5 Exercises 41 2 Gravity, the figure of the Earth and geodynamics 43 2.1 The Earth’s size and shape 43 2.2 Gravitation 45 2.3 The Earth’s rotation 48 2.4 The Earth’s figure and gravity 61 2.5 Gravity anomalies 73 2.6 Interpretation of gravity anomalies 84 2.7 Isostasy 99 2.8 Rheology 105 2.9 Suggestions for further reading 117 2.10 Review questions 118 2.11 Exercises 118 3 Seismology and the internal structure of the Earth 121 3.1 Introduction 121 3.2 Elasticity theory 122 3.3 Seismic waves 130 3.4 The seismograph 140 3.5 Earthquake seismology 148 3.6 Seismic wave propagation 171 3.7 Internal structure of the Earth 186 3.8 Suggestions for further reading 201 3.9 Review questions 202 3.10 Exercises 203 4 Earth’s age, thermal and electrical properties 207 4.1 Geochronology 207 4.2 The Earth’s heat 220 4.3 Geoelectricity 252 4.4 Suggestions for further reading 276 4.5 Review questions 276 4.6 Exercises 277 5 Geomagnetism and paleomagnetism 281 5.1 Historical introduction 281 5.2 The physics of magnetism 283 5.3 Rock magnetism 293 5.4 Geomagnetism 305 5.5 Magnetic surveying 320 5.6 Paleomagnetism 334 5.7 Geomagnetic polarity 349 5.8 Suggestions for further reading 359 5.9 Review questions 359 5.10 Exercises 360 Appendix A The three-dimensional wave equations 363 Appendix B Cooling of a semi-infinite half-space 366 Bibliography 368 Index 375
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